Anti-Doping Violations

Doping is defined as the occurrence of one or more of the following Anti-Doping Rule Violations (ADRVs) in line with Code Art. 2 (Anti-Doping Rule Violations):

• Presence of a prohibited substance in an Athlete’s sample
• Use or attempted use of a prohibited substance or method
• Refusal to submit to sample collection after being notified
• Failure to file Athlete Whereabouts information & missed tests
• Tampering with any part of the doping control process
• Possession of a prohibited substance or method
• Trafficking a prohibited substance or method
• Administering or attempting to administer a prohibited substance or method to an Athlete
• Complicity in an ADRV
• Prohibited association with sanctioned Athlete Support Personnel
• Discourage or Retaliate other Persons from reporting relevant Anti-Doping information to the authorities.

The first four Anti-Doping Rule Violations apply only to athletes since they refer to the obligation not to take banned substances and the obligation to submit to testing.

The remaining seven Anti-Doping Rules apply to both the athletes and the Athlete Support Personnel including coaches, medical professionals, or anyone else working with the athlete or involved in anti-doping activities. National and International Federation administrators, officials and sample collection staff may also be liable for their conduct under the World Anti-Doping Code.